| 摘要: | 近年來環境汙染問題日益嚴重，各國紛紛提倡發展綠色經濟並開始於各地設置公共自行車租賃站。而隨著公共自行車使用量增加以及各地區旅次產生之不同，各地開始會出現「無車可借」以及「無位可還」的現象，因此改善公共自行車系統之整體使用率及服務品質提升已成為公共自行車研究中重要的課題。
本研究以桃園市中壢區之租賃站為研究範圍，對於研究範圍內所發生之公共自行車租用之使用特性進行分析，依據各租賃站之站容量、不同時段下各租賃站租借及歸還使用量以及各租賃站歷史推估存量等資料，制定數個存量調度基準方案，並建構數學規劃模式對於各存量調度方案進行分析評估。
本研究研究結果顯示，依據本研究制定之各項調度存量基準進行調度後均能改善公共自行車之車輛使用率現況以及縮減調度所產生之平均調度距離成本，其中以租賃站容量制定之方案一及以歷史推估存量制定之方案二，其調度成功率較高但是總調度距離成本也較高；而以租借及歸還需求量制定之方案三及以借還差額制定之方案四，相對於前兩方案而言有較低之調度數量及距離成本，但在調度間隔時間較長之情境下可能會發生相對於前兩方案較高之缺車量。綜合各項績效評估結果而言，本研究可供實務業者進行調度之參考。;Due to the problem of environmental pollution has become more and more serious in recent years, many countries have advocated the development of green economic policies and have established public bicycle system.With the increase of the usage for public bicycles and occurence of unbalancing trips in different regions, shortage problem of bicycles or parking spaces gradually become serious.Therefore, improving utilization and service quality of public bicycle system has become an important subject in the study of public bicycles.
This research takes the rental stations in Zhongli District, Taoyuan City as the research scope, and analyzes the usage characteristics of public bicycle which occured within the research scope. Than design some bicycle inventory level for each rental station as the basis of reallocation plans, such as based on the station capacity, the demand for rental bicycle or parking space, and historical estimates of the inventory. As well as construct a mathematical planning model to analyze and evaluate the reallocation plans.
This research show that after reallocating bicycles in regions, it can improve the current utilization of public bicycle and reduce the average distance cost generated by reallocation. The plan 1, which is designed from rental station capacity, and plan 2, which is designed from historical estimates of the rental station inventory, result in higher service level but a higher distance cost. Besides, plan 3, which is designed from demand for rental bicycle or parking space, and plan 4, which is designed from disparity between demand of rental bicycle and parking space, compared with plan 1 and plan 2, result in fewer reallocation bicycles and lower distance cost. But, with longer reallocation temporal gap, it happens shortage of bicycle in rental stations more possible as well. |
