| Abstract: | 摘要
縱觀全球，現今最為嚴峻的議題即為氣候變遷。未來人類再生能源的使用必定會是重大的議題，然而現今太陽能板的發電效率過低，在技術成熟的過渡階段，使用半透明太陽能板對於人類而言是不可或缺的，在未能改善太陽能板發電效率的情況下，人類必須在有限的土地資源下，盡可能的最大化發電量且最小化用電量。本研究主要探討結合半透明太陽能電池與建築整合型太陽能板（Building Integrated Photovoltaic，BIPV）應用於高耗能科技廠房之最佳效益問題。目前國內太陽能板相關研究大多以不透明之太陽能板為基礎，估計該系統的發電量和投資回收期。然而在研究最大化發電量的同時，並沒有考慮到建築物本身之耗能問題，忽略了在提升發電量的同時可能造成耗能之提升。因此本研究將以最小化碳排放量為指標，並利用半透明太陽能板之可透光特性，探討不同透明度下，半透明太陽能板之最大化發電量問題和最小化耗能問題。此外，不同於傳統太陽能板，半透明太陽能板不僅能使用於屋頂，亦可代替原先建築的窗戶，增加了可鋪設面積。
本研究以最小化成本為目標，其中成本包含太陽能板年度總成本、碳稅成本以及購電成本，希望能透過半透明太陽能板可透光之特性，探討在太陽能板發電同時，找到發電量與建築物用電需求之最佳甜蜜點。影響發電量與用電需求的因素包含半透明太陽能板鋪設片數及透光度，而建築物可鋪設區域包含屋頂及四面牆。並以IC設計公司為研究對象，參考其廠房資訊、所在位置日射量及模擬該產業之用電量作為參數，使用python中gurobi套件執行非線性問題最佳化求解，最佳解包含各區域鋪設片數及各區太陽能板之最佳透明度。研究結果顯示，一年共730期數中，半透明太陽能板一共減少光照系統262,796.4度用電需求，等同於減少22%白天時段之光照用電。此外，由於鋪設半透明太陽能板，一年共可減少82,246公斤之碳排放量。而隨著碳稅的提高，最佳解之透明度將降低使太陽能板發電量提高，進而減少向電力公司購電產生之購電成本及碳排成本。
關鍵字：永續發展、太陽能、建築整合型太陽能板、能源規劃、半導體產業
;Throughout the world, the most serious issue today is about the climate change. The use of renewable energy for human beings will definitely be a major issue in the near future. However, the energy conversion efficiency of solar PV is too low. In the transitional phase of mature solar PV technology, the use of semi-transparent solar PV is indispensable for human beings. In the case of low energy conversion efficiency and if we cannot improve it immediately, we must maximize generation of power and minimize consumption of power with limited land area. This study mainly discusses the optimal benefit of combining semi-transparent solar PV and Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) in high-energy-consuming high-tech workshop. At present, most of the related researches on solar panels are based on opaque solar PV to estimate the power generation and investment payback period of the system. However, in the study of maximizing power generation, the energy consumption of the building is not considered, and it may increase the consumption of power when we try our best to increase the generation of power. Therefore, this study will take net carbon emission as an indicator, and take advantage of light-transmitting characteristics of the semi-transparent solar PV to optimize the problem of maximizing power generation and minimizing energy consumption of semi-transparent solar PV with the different transmittance. In addition, unlike traditional solar PV, semi-transparent solar PV can not only be used on the roof, but also replace the windows of the building, increasing the usable area.
The objection of this study is to minimize the total cost, which includes the cost of installing solar panels, the cost of carbon tax, and the cost of buying the electricity. It is expected that the semi-transparent solar panels can transmit light through the characteristics of semi-transparent solar panels to explore how to find the best solution about the relationship between power generation and the electricity demand of the of buildings while generating electricity from solar panels. Factors that affect power generation and electricity demand include the number of semi-transparent solar panels and transmittance of the solar panels, and the paved area of buildings includes roof and the four walls. And taking the IC design company as the research object, referring to its plant information, the location of the solar radiation and the simulated electricity consumption of the industry as parameters. The gurobi package in python is used to optimize the nonlinear problem in the research. The optimal solution includes the number of solar panels installed and the best transparency of solar panels in each area. The research results show that in a total of 730 periods in a year, the semi-transparent solar panels reduce the electricity demand of the lighting system by a total of 262,796.4 kWh, which is equivalent to reducing the electricity consumption of light during the day by 22%. In addition, due to the installation of semi-transparent solar panels, a total of 82,246 kilograms of carbon emissions can be reduced in one year. With the increase of carbon tax, the transparency of the best solution will be reduced, so that the power generation of solar panels will increase, thereby reducing the power purchase cost and carbon emission cost of purchasing electricity from the power company
Keywords: Sustainability, Solar Energy, Building Integrated Solar Panels, Energy Planning, Semiconductor Industry. |
