| 摘要: | 配合ESG（Environmental, Social and Governance）的世界潮流，全世界都在努力發展綠色能源，綠色能源又以太陽能及風力發電為主要發展方向，其中太陽能需要廣大的土地需求，臺灣地狹人稠，南臺灣又有良好的日照，非常適合作為太陽能電廠，為了滿足太陽能發展土地的需求，漁塭地就成為太陽能電廠的主要選項之一，漁電共生就成為發展太陽能的重要課題。漁電共生的產業鏈包含了投入資本的電業商、魚塭土地開發整合的土地開發商、申請核可程序的申辦服務專業廠商、規劃設計的相關顧問公司、EPC（Engineering、Procurement、Construction）建置廠商、負責養殖管理的專業養殖公司等，當一個漁電共生的案場完成發電併網作業後將只剩下電業商的售電業務及養殖管理的養殖業務，任何企業的主要營業活動強調的是永續經營，售電業務已由電業商完成投資的評估，因為政府推動「養殖為本，綠能加值」有魚才有電的政策下，養殖管理的養殖業務是否可以獨立的永續經營將是漁電共生未來成敗的關鍵因素。
本研究以GGT公司為例，GGT公司原本是配合電業商以土地開發整合為主要營業事項的公司，依臺灣太陽能電廠的發展，除了做土地整合開發外亦發展協助電業商申辦業務、規劃設計、EPC建置等業務，為了漁電共生的永續經營以及公司的永續發展，GGT公司將轉型以養殖暨養殖管理公司的業務型態，本研究透過參與觀察與文獻探討以商業模式九宮格（BMC，Business Model Canvas）來分析研究養殖暨養殖管理公司是否值得投入發展，提供個案公司及相關水產公司參考。
研究發現個案GGT公司為達成永續經營的目標，建議擴大養殖暨養殖管理業務範圍，在漁電共生的發展下除了發展綠電外，更能因電業商投入大筆資金可大幅改善養殖環境，導入科技養殖提升養殖效率與增加育成率，對養殖漁民減少租金減輕成本負擔，落實因不可抗力因素中的魚獲損失可補償至實際養殖漁民，對實際養殖者更為友善，漁電共生透過地主、電業商、養殖暨養殖管理公司、養殖戶的緊密合作創造多贏。;Following the ESG trend, worldwide people focus on developing renewable green energy. The solar energy and the wind energy are the main developmental directions. While solar energy requires sufficient land, Taiwan only is a small island with a high population density. However, Taiwan has the advantage of peak sun hour (PSH) in the south for developing solar PV farms. In order to meet the land requirement, fish ponds become a main selection. In the meantime, fishery and electricity symbiosis starts to be a high-profile subject. The industry chain of the fishery and electricity symbiosis includes electric companies who invest the money, land developer who merge the fish ponds, service providers who assist to submit the application for administrative procedure, design planning consulting firms, engineering procurement construction (EPC) suppliers, aquaculture companies, etc. Once a fishery and electricity symbiosis project has completed the trial operation, there would be the business of selling electricity and aquaculture management left. All the major operating activities of any company always emphasize the importance of sustainable development. Then, the performance of the business of selling electricity is based on the evaluation of the investment analysis. As for the aquaculture management, it would be the key factor that contributes to the success of the fishery and electricity symbiosis project if the fish farming could be sustainably developed independently.
Taking GGT Company as an example, it was created as a land developer for an electric company. Regarding the current situation of solar power plant in Taiwan, in addition to land development, it requires application assistance, design planning and EPC as well. To reach the sustainable development for fishery and electricity symbiosis and corporate sustainability, GGT Company is going to have a business transformation into new business model that combines with both fish farming and aquaculture management. We conducted analysis with Business Model Canvas by participant observation and literature review to examine whether the new business model is worth to invest and develop. The case and the related aquaculture company would be provided for reference.
The research shows that our case, GGT Company, has reached the goal of corporate sustainability through running the business of fish farming and aquaculture management business. Within the development of the fishery and electricity symbiosis, apart from the renewable green energy, the quality of the fish ponds could be improved significantly by the investment from the electric company. The intelligent aquaculture can enhance the percentage of fish breeding rate, thus reducing the financial burden of fishers and compensating the loss by acts of God to fishers. Overall, the fishery and electricity symbiosis creates a win-win situation by collaborating closely among leaseholders, electric companies, fish farming and aquaculture management companies and fishers. |
