| 摘要: | 本研究嘗試利用鹽基度探討不同來源之混燒飛灰及底渣，應用燒結技術製備輕質化材料之可行性，後續並以奈米二氧化鈦塗層技術，進一步製備為光觸媒催化輕質材料。高溫燒結試驗主要控制條件，包括輕質材料生胚之成型壓力(160 kgf/cm2)、添加混燒飛灰及底渣不同比例(鹽基度)、燒結時間(1-3 hr)及溫度(900-1,000°C)等。本研究為驗證光觸媒催化材料之功能特性，實驗規劃甲醛去除之模擬試驗，以期評估製備材料之光觸媒催化能力。
根據鹽基度試驗結果顯示，當不同來源及添加比例之混燒飛灰及底渣，進行輕質化材料之製備，鹽基度主要範圍介於0.17至0.37之間，隨鹽基度增加，輕質化材料試體之視孔隙率及開孔率，亦呈現增加之趨勢，而試體之抗壓強度則呈現降低之現象，然整體而言，試體之抗壓強度均可符合中華民國國家標準普通磚之規範(大於150 kgf/cm2)。另根據群聚分析結果顯示，試體之鹽基度控制在0.15至0.25間，試驗製備之輕質化材料約有66.7%至76.2%之試體，其材料具有吸水率10-20%、視孔隙率25-35%、開孔率35-60%，抗壓強度介於300-700 kgf/cm2等特性。
經二氧化鈦塗佈後之光催化輕質材料之試驗結果顯示，材料物種主要以石英(Quartz, SiO2)、二氧化鈦(Titanium Oxide, TiO2)、透長石(Sanidine, KAlSi3O8)及微斜長石(Microcline, KAlSi3O8)等為主。應用於甲醛去除之試驗結果顯示，添加0.286 wt % TiO2光觸媒之催化材料，具有較佳之光催化活性，其中甲醛去除率及二氧化碳礦化率，分別約為11.52 %及13.94 %。整體而言，本研究以不同來源之混燒飛灰及底渣，製備為光觸媒催化輕質材料，不僅可符合國家輕質化材料之規範要求，同時具有光催化降解甲醛之效果。未來相關技術成果，將能解決大量衍生混燒飛灰及底渣之處理處置問題，同時具有高值化材料應用與發展之潛力。;This study investigated the feasibility of lightweight materials manufactured from different sources of co-fried fly ash and bottom ash with controlled basicity by sintering. Subsequently, nano-titanium dioxide(TiO2) coating technology is used to prepare the air-purifying photocatalyst and lightweight materials. The primary experimental conditions of the high-temperature sintering process include the forming pressure of the sintered specimen (160 kgf/cm2), the different addition of the co-fried fly ash and bottom ash (denoted as basicity), sintering time (1-3 hr), and sintering temperature (900-1,000°C). To further evaluate the prepared air-purifying photocatalyst′s performances, formaldehyde (HCHO) removal experiments were also conducted.
The basicity was ranged from 0.17 to 0.37 as the sintered lightweight specimens prepared by different sources of co-fried fly ash and bottom ash in this research. The apparent porosity and open porosity of the sintered lightweight specimen increased with the basicity. Meanwhile, the compressive strength of the sintered specimen decreases with an increase in the basicity. Overall, the compressive strengths of the prepared lightweight specimens are all in compliance with the CNS 382 common bricks criteria (>150 kgf/cm2). According to the cluster analysis results, there are approximately 66.7% to 76.2% of prepared lightweight materials controlling the basicity ranged from 0.15 and 0.25 had good characteristics, such as water absorption of 10-20%, an apparent porosity of 25-35%, open porosity of 35-60%, and the compressive strength of 300-700 kgf/cm2.
XRD identified the main crystal phases of the air-purifying photocatalyst and lightweight materials, including Quartz (SiO2), Titanium Oxide (TiO2), Sanidine (KAlSi3O8), and Microcline (KAlSi3O8). According to the formaldehyde (HCHO) removal results, the prepared air-purifying photocatalyst containing 0.286 wt% TiO2 had good photocatalytic activity. The HCHO removal efficiency and CO2 mineralization were 11.52 % and 13.94 %, respectively. In summary, the prepared air-purifying photocatalyst and lightweight materials manufactured from the co-fried fly ash and bottom ash with controlling the basicity could match the National lightweight materials standard but also have a good performance for removing HCHO via photocatalytic degradation. The results of this research could provide a solution for solving a large amount of co-fried fly ash and bottom ash treatment problems. The results also verified the potential for the application and development of high-value materials. |
