隨著經濟高度發展，能源需求與日俱增，石化燃料的使用造成碳排放量大增，隨之產生的溫室氣體造成環境極大負擔，而全球環保意識的崛起，讓永續發展成為刻不容緩的議題，因此近年來替代能源的研究逐漸受到重視，太陽能電池是其中一大發展方向，但現今常見的矽晶太陽能電池有著成本昂貴、原料來源有限等缺點，因此出現許多新型太陽能電池。其中，鈣鈦礦太陽能電池，近10年來有著顯著的發展，由美國國家再生能源組織(NREL)研究統計指出，近10年鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的PCE上升超過10%，已然成為新興太陽能電池中最具發展潛力的電池種類。而在眾多影響效率表現的因素中，電子傳輸層及電洞傳輸層的性質扮演著至關重要的角色。 本篇研究主要以有機合成的方式合成兩個不同系列的有機小子電洞傳輸材料(HTM)。第一個DK系列，為共軛供體-受體(Donor-Acceptor) 的結構組成，以β-diketone作為HTM的π共軛結構中心，連接上具有不同的推拉電子基團的苯環及無共軛的結構作為Acceptor，探討分子對稱性與共軛長度及誘導效應對電洞傳輸材料的性質影響。第二個DKZN系列為DK系列的衍生，為共軛供體-受體(Donor-Acceptor) 的結構組成，以Pyrazole(吡唑)作為HTM的π共軛結構中心，連接上具有不同的推拉電子基團的苯環作為Acceptor，探討誘導效應及Pyrazole結構對於電洞傳輸材料的光電性質影響。 ;As the economy develops rapidly, the demand for energy continues to rise, leading to a significant increase in carbon emissions from the use of petrochemical fuels. The resulting greenhouse gases pose a tremendous burden on the environment. The rise of global environmental awareness has made sustainable development an urgent issue. Consequently, research on alternative energy sources has been increasingly emphasized in recent years, with solar energy being one of the major directions. However, conventional silicon solar cells suffer from drawbacks such as high costs and limited raw material sources, prompting the exploration of new types of solar cells. Among them, perovskite solar cells have seen significant development in the past decade, with their power conversion efficiency (PCE) increasing by over 10%, making them the most promising type of emerging solar cells. This study focuses on synthesizing two different series of organic small molecule hole-transporting materials (HTMs). The first series, DK series, consists of β-diketone as the π-conjugated structure center. Various electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups are attached to the benzene ring as acceptors, investigating the effects of inductive effect and molecular symmetry on the properties of hole-transporting materials. The second series, DKZN series, is a derivative of the DK series, featuring Pyrazole as the π-conjugated structure center. Different electron-withdrawing groups are attached to the the benzene ring as acceptors, exploring the effects of inductive effect and the pyrazole structure on the optoelectronic properties of the hole-transporting materials.
