| 摘要: | 隨著全球化與金融科技快速發展，跨境匯兌需求持續增長，尤其在全球疫情與遠距經濟活動日益普及的當下，更加凸顯了快速、便利匯兌服務的重要性。臺灣市場已見多元化的跨境匯兌服務提供者，包括電子支付機構、外籍移工匯兌機構及境外支付機構與境內業者合作等非傳統銀行業者，這些新興參與者的出現，挑戰了傳統的金融體系與相關監管法規。
本研究旨在探討分析電子支付機構管理條例對於專營電子支付機構進行國內外小額匯兌的營運模式及業務流程對於業務運作的具體框架。
研究發現，現行的法規框架存在幾個主要問題：首先，牌照設計缺乏彈性，僅允許專營電子支付機構辦理跨境匯兌業務，同時設定了高達新臺幣5億元的資本額要求，顯著提高了市場進入門檻。此外，對於單筆與每月交易金額的限制降低了業務操作的靈活性。儘管已設有實名制與客戶身份認證等資金安全控管機制，但現行法規仍要求電子支付機構必須與銀行合作，增加了不必要的監管成本。
本研究建議，為了促進市場競爭與創新，提升跨境匯兌服務效率，應重新評估並調整現行的監管框架，包括增加牌照制度的靈活性，降低資本額與交易限額的要求，並簡化重複的資金安全限制。透過這些改革措施，臺灣有機會改善過往銀行匯兌體系速度慢、成本高的問題，同時保障消費者權益，促進健康且有競爭力的金融科技生態系統發展。
;With the rapid development of globalization and financial technology, the demand for cross-border remittance services continues to grow, especially amidst the global pandemic and the increasing prevalence of remote economic activities, highlighting the importance of fast and convenient remittance services. The economic market in Taiwan experiences a diversification of cross-border remittance service providers, including electronic payment institutions, remittance institutions for foreign workers, and collaborations between overseas payment institutions and domestic operators, challenging the traditional financial system and its regulatory framework.
This study focuses on the regulatory requirements and challenges faced by non-bank operators, particularly electronic payment institutions in Taiwan, when handling cross-border remittance services. It analyzes the commercial and legal framework post the amendment of the Electronic Payment Institution Act, allowing specialized electronic payment institutions to conduct domestic and international small-value remittances and examines its specific impact on business operations.
The research identifies several key issues within the current regulatory framework: First, the license design lacks flexibility, allowing only specialized electronic payment institutions to handle cross-border remittance services, coupled with a high capital requirement of up to NT$500 million, significantly raising the market entry threshold. Second, this capital requirement is relatively high compared to other financial institutions. Furthermore, the restrictions on single transactions and monthly transaction amounts reduce the operational flexibility. Last but not least, despite existing financial safety control mechanisms like identity verification and Know Your Customer (KYC), current regulations still require electronic payment institutions to collaborate with banks, leading to unnecessary regulatory costs.
The study suggests that to foster market competition and innovation and enhance the efficiency of cross-border remittance services, the current regulatory framework should be re-evaluated and adjusted. This includes increasing the flexibility of the licensing system, reducing the capital and transaction limit requirements, and simplifying financial safety restrictions. With these reformations, Taiwan has the opportunity to mitigate the slow speed and high costs of traditional bank remittance systems while protecting consumer and promoting a healthy yet competitive fintech ecosystem. |
