斯瓦爾巴群島(冷岸群島)位於格陵蘭東部和巴倫支海西北部的邊緣，位於北緯74°至81°、東經10°至35°之間。該群島位於歐亞板塊和北美板塊的交界，以冰川和永凍土覆蓋為特徵的高北極地區。斯瓦爾巴的地質歷史從新元古代延續到新近紀和現今。 隨著全球暖化，冰川退縮的速率達到有史以來的最高峰，尤其在北極地區更為顯著，然而冰川退縮暴露出以前未被探索的地質構造，有助於本研究區域的構造重現和地質圖的優化。 本研究的主要研究區域位在斯瓦爾巴西部卡菲耶拉平原北部，Aavatsmark冰川以南的區域。該地區具有複雜的斷層帶，包括Hornsund斷層帶的東側和西斯匹茲卑爾根褶皺逆衝帶的西側，這些斷層帶形成於與挪威-格陵蘭海海底擴張相關的尤里坎造山運動事件中。 在2022年8月的實地調查發現，該區域存在左旋和右旋的走向滑移斷層以及雷德剪切構造，代表斯瓦爾巴和格陵蘭之間存在剪切帶內的擠壓和伸張運動。這些走向滑移斷層正是在尤里坎造山運動期間形成的。 在本研究的方法中，我們利用傾角儀進行野外觀察，並利用無人機影像製作地質圖的底圖，使用正射影像和數值高程模型進行斷層帶的分析，製作空間高解析，含有剪切代和地層分布的地質圖。從片岩和千枚岩為主的變質沉積岩在野外的分布，得到研究區域中新元古代和奧陶紀/志留紀地層之間的邊界，而奧陶紀/志留紀地層受到了尤里坎造山運動的影響，我們推論本研究的研究區域即位於西斯匹茲卑爾根褶皺逆衝帶的西側。 本研究的主要目標是建立剪切帶的構造和地質模型，並說明在加里東造山運動和尤里坎造山運動期間的變形過程演化。最後，本研究認為無人機技術在提高地質測繪解析度發揮重要的作用，並為西斯匹茲卑爾根褶皺逆衝帶的複雜變形歷史提供了重要見解。未來的地質圖繪製工作中，無人機將會扮演不可或缺的角色之一。;The Svalbard archipelago is located between eastern Greenland and the northwestern Barents Sea Shelf (74° to 81°N and 10° to 35°E). This archipelago is on the margin of the Eurasian Plate and the North American Plate and belongs to the High-Arctic region, which is characterized by glaciers and permafrost coverage. The geological history of Svalbard ranges from the Neoproterozoic to the Neogene and the present, with recent glacier retreats due to global warming exposing previously unexplored geological formations. This study focuses on the area south of glacier Aavatsmark in the northern Kaffiøyra plain, western Svalbard. This region features complex fault zones, including the eastern boundary of the Hornsund Fault Complex (HFC) and the western boundary of the West Spitsbergen Fold-and-Thrust Belt (WSFTB), which formed during the Eurekan deformation event associated with the opening of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Field investigations conducted during the August 2022 expedition revealed dextral and sinistral strike-slip faults with Riedel shear patterns, indicating transpressional and transtensional movements between Svalbard and Greenland as shear zone within the fault zone, HFC. The strike-slip faults were developed in the Eurekan Orogeny. Fault zone analyses were performed in situ using a clinometer, assisted by Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) missions, which provided detailed geological maps through orthophotos and digital elevation models (DEMs) for geomorphological analysis. The boundary between the Neoproterozoic and Ordovician/Silurian strata was identified through metasedimentary successions dominated by schist and phyllite, and the Ordovician/Silurian strata was influenced by the Eurekan Orogeny. The primary objective of this research is to develop a tectonic and geological model of the deformation zone along this boundary and clarify the evolution of deformation processes during the Caledonian and Eurekan Orogeneses. The study′s conclusions highlight the critical role of UAV technology in enhancing geological mapping resolution, offering significant insights into the complex deformation history of the West Spitsbergen Fold-and-Thrust Belt in west Spitsbergen.
