| 摘要: | 連鎖餐飲事業在現代都市生活中扮演著重要角色，其快速和便利的特性使其成為日常生活中不可或缺的一部分，從經濟部統計處歷年的營業額及年增率資料顯示，隨著連鎖餐飲品牌持續展店、觀光旅遊與美食文化行銷，帶動外食人口逐漸增加，餐飲業歷年呈現穩定成長趨勢，惟COVID-19疫情在全球爆發，對餐飲業者帶來巨大的震盪，但隨著邁入後疫情時代，消費者逐漸接受與疫情共存，加上疫情干擾及消費習慣改變驅動下，業者提供更多元數位加值服務以強化競爭力，除了品牌、經營策略、區域佈局、市場切入、人力資源之外，連鎖餐飲須仰賴於強大且高效的供應鏈體系作為支援，本研究將以麥當勞公司為例，並探討如何運用供應鏈體系，以及具體策略，達企業永續經營。
麥當勞是全球最大的連鎖速食業者之一，其供應鏈管理在全球知名，麥當勞的供應鏈體系涵蓋了採購、生產、物流、配送和庫存管理等多個環節，這些環節的協調和高效運作是麥當勞成功的基石，而麥當勞的供應鏈管理包括以下幾個關鍵因素 :
合作夥伴關係：麥當勞與供應商建立了長期的合作夥伴關係，共同追求可持續發展和效率。第四方物流為麥當勞的主要供應鏈合作夥伴，扮演著重要關鍵的角色。
創新系統 : 麥當勞策略結盟第四方物流，不斷引入新的數位化技術，例如: 備餐系統、物流及運輸追蹤系統、數據分析等，利用創新的供應鏈技術和流程來提高效率和品質。
可持續性：麥當勞致力於環境保護和社會責任，在供應鏈管理中整合可持續發展的實踐，有助於維護品牌形象和長期發展，以減少環境影響。
過去的相關研究及案例探討，例如: 第四方物流可為組織貢獻的價值(Win, 2008)、利豐集團供應鏈管理的實踐經驗(利豐集團, 2009)，企業透過第四方物流整合採購業務、供應鏈管理，達削減人事、採購及作業成本。策略聯盟第四方物流，透過整合第三方物流，達企業優勢互補、營運協作，再透過評鑑及績效管理進行長期且持續性的稽核及審查，持續優化作業流程及效率，達成雙贏的局面。
本研究將從供應鏈角度解析個案公司的營運，作者以實際參與個案日常營運，透過實際觀察、實際數據收集等方式進行個案研究，探討供應鏈的相關作業流程及管理，彙整出一些具體的發現並將這些具體的發現與現有一般供應鏈上面的理論進行比對及探討。
研究進行的方式為作者實際參與於個案研究公司中，並且就在個案公司中服務，透過實際觀察、實際於現場獲取資料。本研究將於第二章進行相關研究的整理，第三章對個案進行陳述，進而對供應鏈相關問題進行分析，第四章進行研究討論，第五章總結研究結果。
透過上述研究，個案公司策略聯盟第四方物流，透過第四方物流提供全面性的供應鏈解決方案，整合物流、資訊流及金流，於供應鏈各環節制定標準作業流程SOP，為產品品質把關，並整合第三方物流，透過內(外)部的定期稽核及審查，確保供應鏈運作無虞，讓個案公司及銷售據點聚焦於核心業務上，雙方以專業分工、共同承擔風險、共享資源，共同成長。
從供應鏈角度解析個案公司成功之道，可歸因於其高效的物流和分銷系統，善用第四方物流共創價值，其商業模式、供應鏈管理、產銷機制、實地作業現況、數位化等研究探討，對供應鏈管理的理論和實踐都有所影響，可供其他相關案例作為參考。;The restaurant chain industry plays an important role in modern urban life. Its fast and convenient features make it an indispensable part of daily life. According to historical turnover and annual growth rate data from the Statistics Department of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, as chain catering brands continue to open stores, travel and promote food culture, the number of diners has gradually increased. The catering industry has shown steady growth over the years. The global outbreak of COVID-19 has brought a huge impact to the catering industry. However, as we enter the post-epidemic era, consumers are gradually accepting to live with the epidemic. Driven by the impact of the epidemic and changes in consumption habits, industry players are providing more diversified digital value-added services to enhance competitiveness. In addition to resources such as brand, business strategy, regional layout, market entry, and human resources, chain catering must also rely on a strong and efficient supply chain system for support. This study will take McDonald′s as an example to explore how to use the supply chain system and specific strategies to achieve sustainable business operations.
McDonald′s is one of the world′s largest fast-food chains and its supply chain management is world-renowned. McDonald′s supply chain system covers procurement, production, logistics, distribution and inventory management. The coordination and efficient operation of these links are the cornerstone of McDonald′s success, and McDonald′s supply chain management includes the following key factors :
Partnerships: McDonald′s has established long-term partnerships with suppliers to pursue sustainable development and efficiency. 4PL is McDonald′s main supply chain partner and plays an important and critical role.
Innovative system: McDonald′s strategically cooperates with 4PL to continuously introduce new digital technologies, such as meal preparation systems, logistics and transportation tracking systems, data analysis, etc., and use innovative supply chain technologies and processes to improve efficiency and quality.
Sustainable development: McDonald′s is committed to environmental protection and social responsibility, and integrates sustainable development practices into supply chain management to help maintain brand image and long-term development and reduce its impact on the environment.
Past relevant research and case studies, such as: The value a 4PL provider can contribute to an organisation(Win, 2008), Li & Fung Group’s practical experience in supply chain management(Li & Fung Group, 2009), enterprises through 4PL Integrate procurement business and supply chain management to reduce personnel, procurement and operating costs. Strategic alliance with 4PL, through the integration of 3PL, achieves complementary advantages and operational collaboration between enterprises, and then conducts long-term and continuous audits and reviews through evaluation and performance management, continuously optimizing operating processes and efficiency, and achieving a win-win situation.
This study will analyze the operations of the case company from the perspective of the supply chain. The author actually participated in the daily operations of the case, conducted case studies through actual observation, actual data collection, etc., discussed the relevant operating processes and management of the supply chain, and compiled some specific findings and compare and discuss these specific findings with existing general supply chain theories.
Through the above research, the case company strategically allied with 4PL to provide comprehensive supply chain solutions through 4PL, integrating logistics, information flow and cash flow, and formulating standard operating procedures SOP for each link of the supply chain. Product quality is controlled, 3PL is integrated, and supply chain operations are ensured through regular internal(external) audits and reviews, allowing case companies and sales offices to focus on their core business. Both parties divide work professionally and share risks, share resources and grow together.
Analyzing the success of the case company from a supply chain perspective, it can be attributed to its efficient logistics and distribution system, its good use of fourth-party logistics to create value, its business model, supply chain management, production and sales mechanism, current field operations, digital The research and discussion on the development of supply chain management have an impact on the theory and practice of supply chain management, and can be used as a reference for other related cases. |
