| 摘要: | 成衣工產業為人力密集之傳統產業，隨著現今世界主要發達國家各國的人力成本均不斷的上揚，因而此成衣產業的主要生產基地被迫不得不斷轉移至人力充沛且成本較低的國家。在整個成衣代工製造中，人力成本約佔總成本的15~25%，雖然不是最大比例的成本，但如果生產效率低下，加上訂單排程管理不善。這將對最終成本產生加乘的影響。因此，成衣產業的經營者們紛紛想盡辦法來降低成本並提高效率，其中引進自動化智慧化設備及先進電腦科技系統，成為提升競爭力的最佳途徑。
隨著資訊科技與自動化設備的降價普及，越來越多的成衣企業願意投資資訊系統來改善內部管理及提升效率。導入先進計畫排程系統（APS）對於提升生產管理營運極為關鍵，但根據我們的調查，目前使用成衣專業的APS系統的企業並不多。這引出了一個問題，既然是企業營運的重要活動如此重要的管理項目，為什麼企業導入的情況並不普遍呢？甚至已經導入APS系統的企業，其效果也不一定如預期。許多導入失敗案例讓中小型成衣公司望而卻步。然而，面對日益困難的經營環境，成衣業獲利越來越困難，訂單的準交率低下常常是影響成衣廠獲利的關鍵因素之一。
本研究旨在探討成衣業以車縫組裝產線為主的排程計畫，並探討應用APS系統來改善交期延誤的問題。通過個案訪談的方式，我們深入了解個案公司的組織結構、製造及作業流程，以及其對於排程邏輯的運用和過去的導入經驗。同時，我們也探討了現有的資訊系統是否足以支應APS的運作需要。最終目標是了解到這些影響APS系統成功導入的關鍵因素為何 ? 將來做為其他成衣公司導入APS系統或自行開發APS提供參考。總的來說，本研究認為成功導入APS系統的關鍵要素包括高階主管的支持與承諾、高階主管對系統的認知、資訊系統的正確選用、合適的專案成員、公司資訊化程度、系統整合能力、正確的導入藍圖與方法、客戶需求、產業間競爭壓力以及準時交貨。這些要素共同作用，可以幫助企業成功導入APS系統，提高生產排程的效率和準確性，從而提升整體業務績效。;The garment manufacturing industry, characterized as a labor-intensive traditional industry, has faced increasing labor costs in developed countries worldwide. Consequently, the primary production bases of the garment industry have been forced to relocate to countries with abundant, lower-cost labor. In the garment manufacturing process, labor costs constitute approximately 15-25% of the total costs. Although this is not the largest cost component, inefficient production and poor order scheduling can significantly amplify the final costs. Therefore, garment industry managers are constantly seeking ways to reduce costs and improve efficiency. Introducing automated and intelligent equipment, along with advanced computer technology systems, has become the most effective way to enhance competitiveness.
With the decreasing costs and increasing prevalence of information technology and automation equipment, more and more garment enterprises are willing to invest in information systems to improve internal management and efficiency. Implementing Advanced Planning and Scheduling (APS) systems is crucial for enhancing production management and operations. However, according to our research, there are few companies in the garment industry that utilize specialized APS systems. This raises a question: despite the significance of this critical management activity for business operations, why is APS implementation not widespread? Moreover, even among companies that have implemented APS systems, the outcomes are not always as expected. Many failed implementation cases deter small and medium-sized garment companies. Given the increasingly challenging business environment, it is becoming harder for the garment industry to achieve profitability. Low on-time delivery rates are often a key factor affecting profitability for garment manufacturers.
This study aims to explore the scheduling plans for sewing assembly lines in the garment industry and examine how APS systems can address issues of delivery delays. Through case interviews, we gain an in-depth understanding of the organizational structure, manufacturing and operational processes of the case companies, as well as their use of scheduling logic and past implementation experiences. We also investigate whether existing information systems can adequately support APS operations. The ultimate goal is to identify the critical factors influencing the successful implementation of APS systems, providing a reference for other garment companies considering APS implementation or developing their own APS systems.
Overall, this study identifies several key success factors for the successful implementation of APS systems, including: senior management support and commitment, management′s understanding of the system, the correct selection of information systems, suitable project team members, the degree of company informatization, system integration capabilities, correct implementation blueprints and methods, customer demands, industry competition pressure, and timely delivery. These factors collectively contribute to successful APS system implementation, enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of production scheduling and thereby improving overall business performance. |
