浮羅山背的豆蔻產業與客家族群; The Industry of Nutmeg and Hakka Ethnic group in Balik Pulau

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题名:	浮羅山背的豆蔻產業與客家族群;The Industry of Nutmeg and Hakka Ethnic group in Balik Pulau
作者:	湯九懿;Tang-chiu Yi
贡献者:	客家社會文化研究所
关键词:	族群經濟;客家;豆蔻;馬來西亞;浮羅山背;Hakka;Ethnic Economy;Nutmeg;Malaysia;Balik Pulau
日期:	2011-01-25
上传时间:	2011-06-04 15:35:22 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	檳榔嶼在1786年正式訂約讓與英國，在1796年到1802年間，以及1810年到1816年間，英國人兩度佔領了當時所謂的「香料群島」；就在這段期間，豆蔻樹被引進到馬來亞，最初就是傳至檳榔嶼，並獲得大規模的種植，也因為栽培有方而有大量的收成。　　檳榔嶼的山上─浮羅山背（Balik Pulau），在這個聚落中聚居於此的大多是客家人，他們多務農，種植各式常見的作物，然而卻與台灣傳統務農村莊所種植的作物有很大不同，在這裡他們種植榴槤、豆蔻、橡膠、丁香…等熱帶植物，而浮羅山背其中尤以豆蔻為著名。在這個聚落中，發現在此地種植豆蔻的絕大多是客家人，並且在當地收購豆蔻、銷售豆蔻的工廠也大多是由客家人所經營的。在移民的社會中，人際關係、親屬關係這樣的社會關係網絡結構是十分重要的，初到的移民如何發展其產業，是必須靠許多關聯性的，因此也就創造了屬於他們的獨特性。　　因此本研究想要了解，將豆蔻產業放置在族群經濟的概念裡，族群在此產業中扮演著怎樣的角色？經濟活動鑲嵌於社會結構之中，而在這樣特殊的一個客家聚落中，族群是否會影響網絡的進行？本研究採用田野調查法，進行實地的訪談以及資料蒐集，並佐以相關文獻來進行回顧探討。　　Pinang Island was formally ceded to the Britain in 1786. From 1796 to 1802 and 1810 to 1816, the” Spice Islands” was occupied by British twice. At the same time, nutmeg trees were first brought to Pinang Island, Malaya. Nutmeg trees were cultivated on large scale plantings; therefore, there were bumper crops with fine cultivation 　　There is a village where Hakka people in the mountain in Pinang Island called Balik Pulau. The villagers are almost farmers, who plant a variety of common crops; however, corps is different from those in Taiwan. People who live in Balik Pulau seed with tropical plants such as durian, rubber, and clove in common, especially nutmeg. We found lots of Hakka people not only do a planting with nutmeg, but operate factories to trade in nutmeg. In immigration society, the social network such as personal connection and family relationship is crucial. In order to develop and expand their industry, the early immigrant created the uniqueness by correlation. The purpose of this research is to exercise the nutmeg industry in the concept of Ethnic Economy, and the role of ethnic group in nutmeg industry. People known the economic activities is closely related to the social structure; however is there any impact between ethnic group and the progress of network in this unique Hakka village? This research adopts the field research, personal interviews, information collection, as well as literature review.
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