修讀跨領域學程對薪資之影響;The Wage Effect of Interdisciplinary Learning

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题名:	修讀跨領域學程對薪資之影響;The Wage Effect of Interdisciplinary Learning
作者:	徐昌祺;Hsu, Chang-Chi
贡献者:	經濟學系
关键词:	跨領域學程;薪資;Interdisciplinary Programs;Wages
日期:	2019-07-05
上传时间:	2019-09-03 15:26:38 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	近年來跨領域(Interdisciplinary)的風潮興起，各大專院校為因應未來的就業需求，積極推出各式學程供學生修讀，相關人才的培育也成為我國高等教育推行的要點。由於修讀跨領域學程所帶來的薪資報酬，是學生選擇學程時的重要考量之外，有鑑於我國跨領域學程的豐富性，相關議題更是值得探究。本文利用「台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫後續調查：教育與勞力市場的連結」（Taiwan Education Panel Survey and Beyond，簡稱TEPS-B）所提供的追蹤資料，主要的研究目的在於探討修讀跨領域學程對薪資之影響。同時，也額外分析學程對非薪資報酬層面的影響。本研究首先以最小平方法衡量修畢跨領域學程對大學畢業生畢業後各年薪資收入及第一份全職工作薪資的影響；再以panel迴歸觀察樣本在不同時間點下的薪資變化。另外，以probit model衡量跨領域學程是否有助於提升擔任管理職及進入高薪職業的機率；最後，則利用ordered probit model探討跨領域學程對工作滿意度之影響。　　實證結果發現，修讀跨領域學程可在勞動市場中獲取較高的薪資水準，且學程難易度愈高，愈有助於提升薪資。以第一份全職工作為例，不分種類跨領域學程的修讀平均有3.8%之薪資報酬率、修讀雙主修則約為4.9%、師培更是高達15.5%。但是，但此報酬隨著進入勞動市場的時間增加而逐漸消逝。其原因可能是進入職場多年後，薪資的決定因素可能與個人的工作經歷與能力更有關係。此外，修讀學分學程之非薪資報酬實證結果發現，其有助於提升擔任管理職之機率；修讀師培學程則是對於進入高薪職業及工作滿意度皆有正向益助。上述實證結果顯示，修讀跨領域學程對薪資及職涯發展皆有正向幫助。其背後的原因可能是修讀跨領域學程可培養多項專業能力，提升人力資本與勞動生產力；也可能是跨領域學程使其在就業市場上具較佳的鑑別度。不論如何，整體來看，難度較高或較全面性的學程似乎對於薪資與職涯發展有較明顯的正向影響。因此，本研究建議在跨領域課程制度的設計上，應確保學程的質量能使學生完善的學習各種專業技能，才能培育出符合企業所需的「跨領域人才」。 ;In recent years, the trend of interdisciplinary learning has arisen. Many colleges have offered various interdisciplinary programs for students in response to future employment needs. Cultivating cross-disciplinary talents has also become the main point of higher education. However, the wage effect of interdisciplinary programs is an important consideration for students when choosing such a program. Furthermore, given the richness of interdisciplinary programs in Taiwan, rewards related issues are worth exploring. This article uses the data from Taiwan Education Panel Survey and Beyond (TEPS-B) to mainly explore the impact of interdisciplinary programs on wage and use a few chapters to explore non-wage outcomes. First, we use Ordinary Least Squares to estimate the impact of interdisciplinary programs on monthly wage and the first full-time job wage. Then we use the panel regression to analyze the changes in wages over time. In addition, we investgate whether interdisciplinary programs can improve the probability of taking up a management position and entering high-paying occupations by the probit model, and how the programs affect people’s level of job satisfaction by the ordered-probit model. The empirical results show that studying interdisciplinary programs can have higher wages in the labor market. And we find that the more difficult interdisciplinary programs will have better wage rewards. Take the first-full time job as an example. On average, there is a 3.8% wage premium for any interdisciplinary program of study, 4.9% for double majors, and 15.5% for teacher education program. But this premium gradually disappears as the time to enter the labor market increases. The reason for this may be that after entering the job market for many years, the determinants of wages may be rather related to personal work experience and work ability. Regarding non-wage rewards, taking credits program does help increasing the chances of taking up management positions and teacher education program is positively related to high-paying occupations and job satisfaction. According to the results, learning multi-skills by studying interdisciplinary program can either improve people’s human capital stock and hence their labor productivity or be a good signal in job market. We thus conclude that studying interdisciplinary program is helpful for both wages and career development. The more comprehensive the interdisciplinary programs, the higher the positive impact on wage and career development. As a result, it is recommended that the quality of the interdisciplinary program ought to be emphasized as designing the program, aiming to improve students’ professional skills and cultivate their "cross-disciplinary talents" that meet the needs of job market.
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