| 摘要: | 客家社區公民參與之研究:以天花湖水庫興建案為例
摘 要
本文嘗試以公民參與的意義、理論架構，探究客家社區公共政策公民參與過程中產出的實踐、論述與文化。本項公共政策反而促成客家社區公民意識自覺，發揮公民參與自主性，反應公民參與的價值。本研究針對天花湖水庫興建案公共政策的互動過程，尋找利害關係人與決策者間公共政策決策過程之互動歷程，研究發現如下:
一、公共事務未積極地透過對話商議等新期望管理過程形塑願景，並經由實質投入協助其克服相關困難，贏得協力夥伴的信任關係，讓參與的課責回歸「公民社會責任」，認知公民參與絕對不是政府部門對公民之間的「單向治理」，公共事務，需要更多元的公民參與。
二、形式主義，達不到真正溝通的效果。其中大坑社區發展協會，扮演意見領袖的地位。苗栗社區大學公館學習中心，倡議公民關懷社區與公民終身學習，公民社會責任感培植，積極對於環境現況的觀察與了解，增進在地公民在開發設置爭議中，較過去有機會取得更豐富多元的資訊。在地公民由消極的參與到積極參與。
三、公共事務，未能積極重視在地價值及經驗，引發爭議，天花湖水庫開發案所涉及的徵收用地、環保問題、生態維護、在地文化資產保存等議題，影響地方發展甚鉅。
研究建議:公共政策既然是為了解決公眾的問題或滿足公眾所需，公民的意見就應納入規劃與考量，以提昇其合法性及價值。公民積極參與更有其必要性，若無公民參與，公民將失去歸屬感，充分掌握公民意見，才能化解公共政策可能遭遇的困境，化阻力為助力，惟有如此，公共政策的決策，才能體現公民的偏好與優先性，以實踐理想的公民社會。
關鍵詞: 客家社區 、利害關係人、公民參與、公民社會
;Research of the Hakka community citizen participation: The Case of Tien-Hwa Hu Reservoir construction.
Abstract
This paper attempts meaning to citizen participation, theoretical framework, the Hakka community to explore the practice of citizen participation in public policy process output, discourse and culture. Instead, the term public policy to promote Hakka community conscious citizenship, civic participation play autonomy, reactivity value of citizen participation. In this study, the interactive process Tien-Hwa Hu Reservoir construction of public policy case, looking for interaction between stakeholders and decision-makers in the history of public policy decision-making process, the study found the following:
First, the public affairs did not actively shaping the vision to negotiate through dialogue and other new expectation management process and substantive input to help them overcome through the difficulties associated with, third-party partners to win the trust relationship, so that the return of accountability involved in "civil society responsibility", cognitive citizens participation in the government sector is definitely not among the citizens′ way of governance, "public affairs, citizen participation requires more dollars.
Second, the formalism of the effect is not to really communicate. Active participation of citizens in the ground by the passive participation, which pit community development associations, opinion leaders play a position. Gungguan Learning Center of the Miao-Li Community University , the initiative of citizens caring community and civic life-long learning, civic social responsibility to cultivate positive for the observation and understanding of current environmental conditions, increase in land citizens in development settings controversy over the past a chance to get more rich and diverse information .
Third, public affairs, and not actively pay attention to the value of experience in land expropriation caused controversy, Tien-Hwa Hu Reservoir involved in development projects, environmental issues, ecological protection, preservation of cultural assets in land and other issues, the impact of local development hugely.
Research Recommendations: Since it is public policy in order to solve public problems or meet public needs, opinions of citizens should be included in the planning and consideration, in order to enhance its legitimacy and value. The need for more active participation of its citizens, without citizen participation, citizens will lose the sense of belonging, to fully grasp the views of citizens, in order to resolve the difficulties that may be encountered in public policy, as the power of resistance, only in this way, public policy decision-making, in order to reflect citizens preferences and priorities, in order to practice the ideal of civil society.
Key words：Hakka community, Stakeholders , Citizen Participation, Civil Society |
